Table 3 Specification of BCTs used in interventions

1

Goals and planning

1.1 Goal setting (behaviour)

1.2 Problem solving

1.4 Action planning

1.5 Review behaviour goal(s)

25

10

7

6

2

2

Feedback and monitoring

2.2 Feedback on behaviour

2.3 Self-monitoring of behaviour

2.6 Biofeedback

2.7 Feedback on outcome(s) of behaviour

15

9

3

1

2

3

Social support

3.1 Social support (unspecified)

5

5

4

Shaping knowledge

4.1 Instruction on how to perform the behaviour

4.2 Information about antecedents

18

13

5

5

Natural consequences

5.1 Information about health consequences

5.2 Salience of consequences

5.3 Information about social and environmental consequences

5.6 Information about emotional consequences

18

13

2

1

2

6

Comparison of behaviour

6.1 Demonstration of the behaviour

6.2 Social comparison

13

8

5

7

Associations

7.1 Prompts/ cues

1

1

8

Repetition and substitution

8.1 Behavioural practice/ rehearsal

8.2 Behaviour substitution

8.7 Graded tasks

4

2

1

1

9

Comparison of outcomes

9.2 Pros and cons

2

2

10

Reward and threat

-

11

Regulation

-

12

Antecedents

12.1 Restructuring the physical environment

12.2 Restructuring the social environment

12.3 Avoidance/reducing exposure to cues for the behaviour

12.5 Adding objects to the environment

9

4

1

2

2

13

Identity

13.1 Identification of self as role model

13.2 Framing/ reframing

13.4 Valued self-identity

13.5 Identity associated with changed behaviour

6

3

1

1

1

14

Scheduled consequences

-

15

Self-belief

15.2 Mental rehearsal of successful behaviour

1

1

16

Covert learning

-