Table 1 Distribution of anthropometric, socioeconomic, and serum indicators of participants

Age (year)

34.6 ± 9.2

36.6 ± 6.3

35.9 ± 7.7

0.320

BMI (Kg/m²)

26.2 ± 3.2

24.9 ± 3.2

26.1 ± 3.7

0.131

PTH (pg/mL)

43.1 ± 19.1

41.5 ± 22.3

44.3 ± 21.4

0.770

Serum calcium (mg/dL)

9.6 ± 0.4

9.74 ± 0.5

9.76 ± 0.5

0.418

Serum phosphorus (mg/dL)

3.1 ± 0.5

3.1 ± 0.3

3.2 ± 0.4

0.841

Calcitonin (pg/mL)

5.6 ± 2.6

6.0 ± 3.8

5.2 ± 2.8

0.663

Serum D3 (ng/mL)

27.4 ± 13.4

27.09 ± 15.4

26.4 ± 13.5

0.922

Gender-Men

25 (96.2%)

36 (97.3%)

61 (96.8%)

0.659

Smoking-No

18 (69.2%)

28 (75.7%)

49 (77.7%)

0.361

Marital status-Married

17 (65.4%)

30 (81.1%)

47 (74.6%)

0.377

Education-University degree

25 (96.2%)

36 (97.3%)

61 (96.8%)

0.419

Exposure to sunlight

0.057

 ■ ˃30 min

0

7 (18.9%)

7 (18.9%)

 ■ 31–60 min

0

3 (8.1%)

3 (8.1%)

 ■ 2 h

2 (7.7%)

4 (10.8%)

6 (18.5%)

 ■ 3 h

3 (11.5%)

3 (8.1%)

6 (19.6%)

 ■ 4 h

4 (15.4%)

5 (13.5%)

9 (28.9%)

 ■ 5 h

3 (11.5%)

0

3 (11.5%)

 ■ 6 h

4 (15.4%)

7 (18.9%)

11 (34.3%)