Table 3 Prevalence of inflammation, ID, IDA and AI as affected by socio-demographic and clinical factors
Parameter | Category | Number examined | Inflammation prevalence % (n) | ID prevalence % (n) | IDA prevalence % (n) | AI prevalence % (n) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | Â | 520 | 63.1 (328) | 34.6 (180) | 12.9 (67) | 30.2 (157) |
Sex | Male | 242 | 61.2 (148) | 36.0 (87) | 13.6 (33) | 29.3 (71) |
Female | 278 | 64.7 (180) | 33.5 (93) | 12.2 (34) | 30.9 (86) | |
P- value | Â | 0.397 | 0.550 | 0.633 | 0.692 | |
Age group in years | 1–5 | 293 | 65.5 (192) | 19.5 (57) | 7.5 (22) | 36.9 (108) |
6–11 | 154 | 59.7 (92) | 53.2 (82) | 18.2 (28) | 20.1 (31) | |
12–15 | 73 | 60.3 (44) | 56.2 (41) | 23.3 (17) | 24.7 (18) | |
P - value |  | 0.419 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.001 | |
Enrolment site | Community | 178 | 62.4 (111) | 57.9 (103) | 22.5 (40) | 27.0 (48) |
Hospital | 342 | 63.5 (217) | 22.5 (77) | 7.9 (27) | 31.9 (109) | |
P - value |  | 0.807 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.281 | |
Level of education | No formal/Primary | 138 | 66.7 (92) | 37.7 (52) | 15.2 (21) | 32.6 (45) |
Secondary | 223 | 61.0 (136) | 33.6 (75) | 14.8 (33) | 33.2 (74) | |
Tertiary | 159 | 62.9 (100) | 33.3 (53) | 8.2 (13) | 23.9 (38) | |
P - value | Â | 0.553 | 0.676 | 0.103 | 0.116 | |
Occupation | Farming | 141 | 66.0 (93) | 25.5 (36) | 7.1 (10) | 31.2 (44) |
Civil service | 35 | 60.0 (21) | 48.6 (17) | 17.1 (6) | 20.0 (7) | |
Others | 120 | 64.2 (77) | 41.7 (50) | 14.2 (17) | 24.2 (29) | |
Fishing | 115 | 65.2 (75) | 46.1 (53) | 21.7 (25) | 34.8 (40) | |
Jobless | 109 | 56.9 (62) | 22.0 (24) | 8.3 (9) | 33.9 (37) | |
P - value |  | 0.604 | < 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.220 | |
Family size | 1–5 | 266 | 60.2 (160) | 28.7 (77) | 12.0 (32) | 35.3 (94) |
6–10 | 233 | 67.0 (156) | 41.2 (96) | 14.2 (33) | 24.9 (58) | |
> 10 | 21 | 57.1 (12) | 33.3 (7) | 9.5 (2) | 23.8 (5) | |
P- value | Â | 0.247 | 0.016 | 0.696 | 0.033 | |
Fever | No | 328 | 64.3 (211) | 41.8 (137) | 16.2 (53) | 29.3 (96) |
Yes | 192 | 60.9 (117) | 22.4 (43) | 7.3 (14) | 31.8 (61) | |
P - value |  | 0.439 | < 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.549 | |
Malaria status | No | 323 | 63.8 (206) | 39.0 (126) | 14.6 (47) | 30.0 (97) |
Yes | 197 | 61.9(122) | 27.4 (54) | 10.2 (20) | 30.5 (60) | |
P - value | Â | 0.672 | 0.007 | 0.146 | 0.918 | |
Malnutrition | No | 417 | 63.3(264) | 34.3 (143) | 12.7 (53) | 30.0 (125) |
Yes | 93 | 62.4 (58) | 35.5 (33) | 12.9 (12) | 31.2 (29) | |
P - value | Â | 0.865 | 0.827 | 0.960 | 0.819 |