Table 3 Maternal lifestyle, behavioral and nutritional conditions in Eastern Ethiopia, 2022 (N = 177)
From: Determinants of neural tube defects among newborns in public referral hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia
Variables | Category | Cases (N = 59) | Controls (N = 118) | X2 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | N (%) | ||||
Daily coffee or tea consumption | No regular daily consumption | 14 (23.7) | 42(35.6) | 0.025 | 0.011 |
1–2 cups per day | 26 (44.1) | 58 (49.2) | |||
3 or more cups per day | 19 (32.2) | 18 (15.3) | |||
Maternal fever | Yes | 13 (22) | 18 (15.3) | 0.26 | 0.26 |
No | 46 (88) | 100 (84.7) | |||
Substance use during pregnancy | Yes | 8 (13.6) | 11 (9.3) | 0.39 | 0.393 |
No | 51(86.4) | 107 (90.7) | |||
Passive smoking | Yes | 12 (20.3) | 17 (14.4) | 0.31 | 0.317 |
No | 47 (79.7) | 101 (85.6) | |||
Food consumption Score | Poor | 33 (55.9) | 48 (40.7) | 0.05 | 0.021 |
Border line | 20 (33.9) | 42 (35.6) | |||
Acceptable | 6 (10.2) | 28 (23.7) | |||
Stable Food | Sorghum with watt | 2 (3.4) | 2 (1.7) | 0.44 | 0.685 |
Tef Injera + watt | 40 (67.8) | 90 (76.3) | |||
Rice/Pasta | 17 (28.8) | 26 (22) | |||
Food diversity | Monotonies diet | 38 (64.4) | 51 (33.1) | 0.011 | 0.008 |
Sometimes different | 17 (28.8) | 42 (42.4) | |||
Always different | 4 (6.8) | 25 (24.6) | |||
Home gardening | Yes | 3 (5.1) | 10 (8.5) | 0.41 | 0.42 |
No | 56 (94.9) | 108 (91.5) |