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Table 4 Biochemical assessment of the intervention (n = 25) and control (n = 25) groups before and after the study, as well as their differences

From: The effects of zinc supplementation on the metabolic factors in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial

  

Before

After

P-value#

Mean difference

Serum zinc (mg/dl)

Intervention

82.92 ± 9.97

86.08 ± 9.43

< 0.001

3.16 ± 1.14

Control

82.88 ± 9.57

82.80 ± 10.04

0.723

-0.08 ± 1.11

P-value*

0.989

0.240

 

< 0.001†

ALT

(IU/L)

Intervention

38.68 ± 35.55

30.36 ± 25.87

0.013

-8.32 ± 15.46

Control

31.60 ± 23.40

28.04 ± 18.45

0.296

-3.56 ± 16.65

P-value*

0.410

0.717

 

0.116†

AST

(IU/L)

Intervention

28.92 ± 17.18

21.16 ± 8.74

0.030

-7.76 ± 16.84

Control

27.92 ± 15.99

26.40 ± 14.88

0.351

-1.52 ± 7.98

P-value*

0.832

0.136

 

0.033†

FBS

(mg/dl)

Intervention

105.04 ± 30.59

91.20 ± 24.07

0.033

-13.84 ± 30.66

Control

95.08 ± 17.51

86.56 ± 16.85

0.144

-8.52 ± 28.22

P-value*

0.166

0.434

 

0.402†

Insulin

(µIU/ml)

Intervention

22.98 ± 16.47

18.77 ± 15.36

< 0.001

-4.20 ± 4.33

Control

24.70 ± 19.71

23.71 ± 16.69

0.627

-0.99 ± 10.06

P-value*

0.739

0.282

 

0.326†

HOMA-IR

Intervention

6.07 ± 4.49

4.32 ± 3.71

< 0.001

-1.75 ± 1.88

Control

6.12 ± 4.87

5.18 ± 3.91

0.191

− 0.93 ± 3.49

P-value*

0.971

0.429

 

0.397†

TC

(mg/dl)

Intervention

187.92 ± 32.25

168.48 ± 27.60

0.003

-19.44 ± 28.85

Control

188.80 ± 38.13

187.40 ± 39.42

0.868

-1.40 ± 41.76

P-value*

0.930

0.055

 

0.045†

LDL-C

(mg/dl)

Intervention

107.96 ± 22.86

85.40 ± 19.56

< 0.001

-22.56 ± 23.40

Control

112.16 ± 26.87

110.08 ± 36.92

0.767

-2.08 ± 34.67

P-value*

0.555

0.005

 

0.014†

HDL-C

(mg/dl)

Intervention

36.60 ± 7.56

43.96 ± 12.69

0.019

7.36 ± 14.65

Control

41.72 ± 7.11

43.92 ± 9.16

0.129

2.20 ± 7.00

P-value*

0.017

0.990

 

0.510†

TG

(mg/dl)

Intervention

185.88 ± 79.64

152.84 ± 60.41

0.001

-33.04 ± 46.01

Control

176.12 ± 85.57

174.44 ± 78.66

0.882

-1.68 ± 56.18

P-value*

0.678

0.282

 

0.082†

hs-CRP

(ng/ml)

Intervention

4.04 ± 0.87

4.06 ± 0.87

0.888

0.02 ± 0.85

Control

3.93 ± 0.63

3.92 ± 0.77

0.943

-0.01 ± 0.88

P-value*

0.630

0.549

 

0.862†

MDA

(µmol/L)

intervention

3.46 ± 1.56

3.33 ± 0.62

0.715

-0.12 ± 1.67

control

3.05 ± 0.42

2.92 ± 0.44

0.272

-0.13 ± 0.59

P value*

0.221

0.009

 

0.930†

TAC (µmol/L)

intervention

1.46 ± 0.312

1.48 ± 0.44

0.826

0.02 ± 0.45

control

1.47 ± 0.267

1.49 ± 0.33

0.795

0.02 ± 0.38

p-value*

0.875

0.911

 

0.099†

  1. ALT: alanine transaminase; AST: aspartate transaminase; FBS: fasting blood sugar; HOMA-IR: homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; TC: total cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein; TG: triglyceride; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; MDA: malondialdehyde; TAC: total antioxidant capacity; IU: international unit
  2. Data are reported as Mean ± SD.
  3. * Independent Sample t-test
  4. # Paired t-test
  5. † ANCOVA test adjusted for baseline HDL-C, fat, and carbohydrate
  6. P-value less than 0.05 considered significant
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BMC Nutrition

ISSN: 2055-0928

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