Table 1 Comparison of Demographic and Clinical Data of Patients Based on Vitamin D Levels (n = 236)

Age (mean ± SD; year)

44.74 ± 16.95

45.73 ± 17.11

38.08 ± 15.99

46.41 ± 16.95

0.04^a

Gender

Male (n %)

150 (63.6)

104 (63.8)

24 (70.6)

22 (56 .4)

0.45^b

Female (n %)

86 (36.4)

59 (36. 2)

10 (29.4)

17 (43.6)

Body Mass Index (mean ± SD; kg/m²)

23.68 ± 1.02

23.69 ± 1.00

23.80 ± 1.05

23.53 ± 1.09

0.51^a

APACHE II Score (day 1; mean ± SD)

14.67 ± 6.31

15.41 ± 6.49

13.02 ± 4.85

13.02 ± 6.26

0.02^a

SOFA (1) Score (mean ± SD)

6.13 ± 3.06

6.77 ± 2.86

4.93 ± 2.67

4.50 ± 3.31

 < 0.001^a

SOFA (3) Score (mean ± SD)

6.79 ± 2.99

7.25 ± 2.85

5.07 ± 2.28

4.48 ± 3.50

 < 0.001^a

SOFA (7) Score (mean ± SD)

7.34 ± 3.16

7.79 ± 3.01

6.00 ± 2.28

5.83 ± 4.17

0.004^a

mNUTRIC Score (mean ± SD)

2.44 ± 1.95

2.76 ± 1.96

1.70 ± 1.50

1.76 ± 1.95

0.001^a

MAC Percentage (mean ± SD)

28.52 ± 3.24

28.65 ± 3.44

29.00 ± 2.57

27.57 ± 2.73

0.11^a

eGFR (1)^d (mean ± SD; ml/min per 1.73 m²)

81.19 ± 34.88

79.04 ± 33.90

97.39 ± 36.77

76.40 ± 34.39

0.01^a

eGFR (2)^e (mean ± SD; ml/min per 1.73 m²)

74.89 ± 32.89

67.85 ± 28.64

100.69 ± 36.75

83.65 ± 34.73

 < 0.001^a

Length of Ventilation (mean ± SD; day)

4.87 ± 2.91

5.62 ± 2.64

3.64 ± 3.25

2.82 ± 3.05

0.01^a

Length of ICU stay (median (IQR); day)

9 (5–20)

10 (7–23)

9 (5–13)

6 (3–11)

 < 0.001^c

Hemoglobin (mean ± SD; g/dl)

12.36 ± 2.82

12.34 ± 2.9

12.70 ± 2.16

12.15 ± 2.82

0.71^a

Bs (mean ± SD; mg/dl)

147.31 ± 74.19

153.80 ± 82.39

134.19 ± 54.60

137.09 ± 56.93

0.27^a

28-day mortality

n (%)

68 (28.8)

58 (35.6)

6 (17.6)

4 (10.3)

0.002^b

Cause of Admissionn (%)

 Respiratory Disease 26 (11.1%)

 Trauma 69 (29.4%)

 Postoperative 23 (9.8%)

 Poisoning 22 (9.4%)

 Cancer 10 (4.3%)

 Myocardial Infarction 10 (4.3%)

 Neurological Diseases 55 (23.4%)

Other 20 (8.5%)