Table 1 Combined criteria to report qualitative studies (COREQ)
No Item | Guide question/description | Answer |
|---|---|---|
Domain 1: Research team and reflexivity | ||
Personal Characteristics | ||
1 Interviewers/ facilitators | Which author/s conducted the interview or focus group? | Zahra Sadremomtaz |
2 Credentials | What were the researcher's credentials? | Master's student in community-based education |
3 Occupation | What was their occupation at the time of the study? | Student and Instructor of Health Care Training Center |
4 Gender | Was the researcher male or female? | LS: Female FS: Female ZSM: Female |
5 Experience and training | What experience or training did the researcher have? | Healthcare provider and qualitative studies |
6 Relationship established | Was a relationship established prior to study commencement? | NO |
7 Participant knowledge of the interviewer | What did the participants know about the researcher? For example, personal goals and reasons for doing the research | Prior to the interview, the participants were informed about the background, aim and procedure of the study |
8 Interviewer characteristics | What characteristics were reported about the interviewer/facilitator? For example, bias, assumptions, reasons, and interests in the research topic | The interviewees were given the required information about the educational background of the interviewer and the reason for conducting the research |
Domain 2: Study design | ||
Theoretical framework | ||
9 Methodological orientations and theory | What methodological orientation was stated to underpin the study? For example, grounded theory, discourse analysis, ethnography, phenomenology and content analysis | Content analysis (Methods, Paragraph 3) |
Participant selection | ||
10 Sampling | How were participants selected? For example, purposive, convenience, consecutive, and snowball | Purposeful sampling method (Methods, paragraph 4) |
11 Method of approach | How were participants approached? For example, face‐to‐face, telephone, mail, and email | Face‐to‐face |
12 Sample size | How many participants were in the study? | 79 (Findings, Paragraph 1) |
13 Non‐participation | How many people refused to participate or dropped out? Reasons? | No one |
Setting | ||
14 Setting of data collection | Where was the data collected? For example,home, clinic, and workplace | The places chosen by participants |
15 Presence of non‐participants | Was anyone else present besides the participants and researchers? | No |
16 Description of sample | What are the important characteristics of the sample? For example, demographic data and date | Demographic data, job, work experiences (Table 2) |
Data collection | ||
17 Interview guide | Were questions, prompts, guides provided by the authors? Was it pilot tested? | Yes |
18 Repeat interviews | Were repeat interviews carried out? If yes, how many? | NO |
19 Audio/visual recording | Did the research use audio or visual recording to collect the data? | Audio recording |
20 Field notes | Were field notes made during and/or after the interview or focus group? | Yes |
21 Duration | What was the duration of the interviews or focus group? | 45–60 min |
22 Data saturation | Was data saturation discussed? | Yes |
23 Transcripts returned | Were transcripts returned to participants for comment and/or correction? | Yes, to some of them |
Domain 3: Analysis and findings | ||
Data analysis | ||
24 Number of data coders | How many data coders coded the data? | 2 of authors coded the data (LS and ZSM) |
25 Description of the coding tree | Did authors provide a description of the coding tree? | Yes |
26 Derivation of themes | Were themes identified in advance or derived from the data? | Derived from the data |
27 Software | What software, if applicable, was used to manage the data | MAXQDA software, version 10 |
28 Participant checking | Did participants provide feedback on the findings? | “Reading manuscripts by colleagues and people participating in the study” was done to increase the reliability of findings |
Reporting | ||
29 Quotations presented | Were participant quotations presented to illustrate the themes/findings? Was each quotation identified? For example, participant number | Yes |
30 Data and findings Consistent | Was there consistency between the data presented and the findings? | Yes |
31 Clarity of major themes | Were major themes clearly presented in the findings? | Yes |
32 Clarity of minor themes | Is there a description of diverse cases or discussion of minor themes? | Yes |