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Table 3 Dietary diversity of children by affordability, wealth, and maternal education in the EAT Addis study, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

From: Perception of affordable diet is associated with pre-school children’s diet diversity in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: the EAT Addis survey

Variable

(n = 4898)

Affordability

Inadequate afford-DD

Adequate afford-DD

p-Value

Diet diversity

3.3 [± 1.3]

4.1 [± 1.4]

< 0.001

Adequate DD

37.2 (34.7, 39.7)

69.2 (67.7,70.7)

< 0.001

Education

 

Never attend

Grade 1–4

Grade 5–8

Grade 9–12

College

p-Value

Diet diversity

3.4 [± 1.2]

3.4 [± 1.3]

3.7 [± 1.4]

4.1 [± 1.4]

4.4 [± 1.5]

< 0.001

Adequate DD

42.2

(38.8, 46.1)

43.4

(38.9, 48.1)

56.0

(53.5, 58.6)

67.3

(64.7, 69.7)

75.4

(72.5,78.0)

< 0.001

Wealth

 

lowest

second

middle

fourth

highest

p-Value

Diet diversity

3.4 [± 1.3]

3.7 [± 1.3]

3.9 [± 1.4]

3.9 [± 1.5]

4.4 [± 1.5]

< 0.001

Adequate DD

43.1

(40.0, 46.2)

54.5

(51.3, 57.6)

62.5

(59.4, 65.5)

62.9

(59.8, 65.9)

76.1

(73.3,78.6)

< 0.001

  1. Values are presented as mean [SD] for continuous measures, and % (95% CI) for categorical measures
  2. Adequate afford-DD indicates that the family can afford to consume at least four out of the seven WHO-recommended nutritious food items “as often as wanted”
  3. Inadequate afford-DD indicates a score below four out of the seven WHO-recommended nutritious food items
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