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Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of the population according to USDA Household Food Security Module (N = 91)

From: Impact of fruits and vegetables vouchers on food insecurity in disadvantaged families from a Paris suburb

Food insecurity status (HFSM)

Food secure N = 29 (31.9%)

Food insecure, without hunger N = 24 (26.4%)

Food insecure, with hunger N = 38 (41.7%)

p value*

 

mean

+/−SD

mean

+/−SD

mean

+/−SD

 

Parent’s age (years)

39.4

7.9

40

7.2

39.6

7.2

0.81

Child’s age (years)

7.5

2.4

7.9

2

7.2

2.6

0.47

EPICES score

50.6

15

55.1

17.7

65

14.8

< 0.001

Budget for food (in € /individual/month)

89.6

49.5

90.4

25.3

108.8

63.9

0.13

Budget for FV (in € /individual /month)

25.0

17.5

28.6

17.5

30.6

21.1

0.26

 

n

%

n

%

n

%

 

Place of birth of the parent

 France

12

41.4

6

25

11

28.9

0.39

 Other country

17

58.6

18

75

27

71.1

 

Marital status

 Single

23

79

24

100

37

97.4

0.01

 Cohabiting

6

21

0

0

1

2.6

 

 Size of the household

 2 people

8

27.6

4

16.7

9

23.7

0.93

 3 people

7

24.1

7

29.2

10

26.3

 

 4 people and more

14

48.3

13

54.2

19

50

 

Education level

 Primary school

6

20.7

7

29.2

16

42.1

0.10

 Secondary school

10

34.5

9

37.5

15

39.5

 

 Baccalaureat and university

13

44.8

6

25

6

15.8

 

 Other

0

0

2

8.3

1

2.6

 

Professional status

 Working

10

34.5

6

25

10

26.3

0.69

 Unemployed

19

65.5

18

75

28

73.7

 

Income level (in € per c.u.)

 260 € at the most

4

13.8

6

26.1

12

31.6

0.34

 400 € at the most

13

44.8

10

43.5

18

47.4

 

 800 € at the most

12

41.4

7

30.4

8

21.0

 

Perception of the financial situation of the household

 It’s OK

2

6.9

0

0

0

0

< 0.01

 Need to be very cautious

15

51.7

10

41.7

6

15.8

 

 It’s difficult

8

27.6

9

37.5

16

42.1

 

 Often making debts

4

13.8

5

20.8

16

42.1

 

Food aid use over the past 12 months

 No

22

78.6

19

79.2

26

70.3

0.65

 Yes

6

21.4

5

20.8

11

29.7

 

Purchasing frequency for FV

 Several times a week

12

41.4

9

37.5

18

47.4

0.32

 Once a week

9

31

13

54.2

14

36.8

 

 2 or 3 times a month

8

27.6

2

8.3

5

13.2

 

Study group

 Intervention

12

41.4

11

45.8

22

57.9

0.37

 Control

17

58.6

13

54.2

16

42.1

 
  1. Abbreviations: c.u consumer unit, € Euros, FV Fruits and vegetables, HFSM Household Food Security Module, SD Standard Deviation
  2. *Chi-square tests and exact Fisher tests were performed for qualitative variables and Anova tests were performed for quantitative variables;
  3. Missing data: Budget for food and budget for FV: N = 3 (3.2%); Use of food aid N = 2 (2.2%); Income level and purchasing frequency for FV: N = 1 (1.0%);
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