Articles

Malnutrition status and associated factors among HIV-positive patients enrolled in ART clinics in Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa suffers from a high burden of undernutrition, affecting 23.2% of its population, and in 2015 constituted 69% of the estimated people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) globally. ...

Authors: Kudakwashe C. Takarinda, Tsitsi Mutasa-Apollo, Bernard Madzima, Brilliant Nkomo, Ancikaria Chigumira, Mirriam Banda, Monica Muti, Anthony D. Harries and Owen Mugurungi

Erratum to: Associations between dietary patterns and biomarkers of nutrient status and cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents in Germany: results of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents in Germany (KiGGS)

Authors: Almut Richter, Martina Rabenberg, Julia Truthmann, Christin Heidemann, Jutta Roosen, Silke Thiele and Gert B. M. Mensink

More-2-Eat: evaluation protocol of a multi-site implementation of the Integrated Nutrition Pathway for Acute Care

Nutrition care in hospitals is often haphazard, and malnourished patients are not always readily identified and do not receive the care they require. The Integrated Nutrition Pathway for Acute Care (INPAC) is ...

Authors: Heather Keller, Celia Laur, Renata Valaitis, Jack Bell, Tara McNicholl, Sumantra Ray, Joseph Murphy and Stephanie Barnes

Determinants of dietary diversity among pregnant women in Laikipia County, Kenya: a cross-sectional study

Dietary diversity has continued to gain widespread attention among the population since it has evidently been associated with nutrient adequacy. A diverse diet has been shown to reflect nutrient adequacy since...

Authors: Willy Kiboi, Judith Kimiywe and Peter Chege

Chronic energy deficiency and associated factors among adults living with HIV in Gondar University Referral Hospital northwest Ethiopia

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and chronic energy deficiency are bidirectional and multifaceted. HIV can cause or worsen chronic energy deficiency by increasing energy requirements, reducing food...

Authors: Melkitu Fentie, Molla Mesele Wassie, Adino Tesfahun, Kassahun Alemu, Malede Mequanent and Tadesse Awoke Ayele

Native whey induces higher and faster leucinemia than other whey protein supplements and milk: a randomized controlled trial

Resistance exercise and protein intake are both strong stimuli for muscle protein synthesis. The potential for a protein to acutely increase muscle protein synthesis seems partly dependent on absorption kineti...

Authors: Håvard Hamarsland, John Aleksander Larssen Laahne, Gøran Paulsen, Matthew Cotter, Elisabet Børsheim and Truls Raastad

Intestinal helminth infections and dietary diversity score predict nutritional status of urban schoolchildren from southern Ethiopia

Undernutrition is a major public health problem in developing countries like Ethiopia where schoolchildren are among the vulnerable groups. However, limited attention has been given for the nutritional status ...

Authors: Tagel Getachew and Alemayehu Argaw

Acute effects of brewed cocoa consumption on attention, motivation to perform cognitive work and feelings of anxiety, energy and fatigue: a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover experiment

Acute effects of caffeinated and non-caffeinated cocoa on mood, motivation, and cognitive function are not well characterized. The current study examined the acute influence of brewed cocoa, alone and with sup...

Authors: Ali Boolani, Jacob B. Lindheimer, Bryan D. Loy, Stephen Crozier and Patrick J. O’Connor

Higher bioavailability of magnesium citrate as compared to magnesium oxide shown by evaluation of urinary excretion and serum levels after single-dose administration in a randomized cross-over study

The development of several disorders, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and osteoporosis, has been linked to suboptimal dietary magnesium (Mg) intake. In this context, a number of studies have tried to...

Authors: Dominik Kappeler, Irene Heimbeck, Christiane Herpich, Natalie Naue, Josef Höfler, Wolfgang Timmer and Bernhard Michalke

Development of home artificial nutrition in Italy over a seven year period: 2005–2012

In 2005, the Italian Society for Artificial Nutrition and Metabolism carried out a national survey on the prevalence of home artificial nutrition (HAN), enteral (HEN) and parenteral (HPN). A second survey was ...

Authors: Loris Pironi

Early development of dietary patterns: transitions in the contribution of food groups to total energy—Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study, 2008

Early dietary patterns are critical to growth and development and play an important role in development of food preferences and habits. The objective of this paper is to describe when different foods enter the...

Authors: Kathleen C. Reidy, Denise M. Deming, Ronette R. Briefel, Mary Kay Fox, Jose M. Saavedra and Alison L. Eldridge

Associations between dietary patterns and biomarkers of nutrient status and cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents in Germany: results of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents in Germany (KiGGS)

The aim of this study is to analyse prevailing dietary patterns among German adolescents and their associations with biomarkers of nutrient status and cardiovascular risk factors.

Authors: Almut Richter, Martina Rabenberg, Julia Truthmann, Christin Heidemann, Jutta Roosen, Silke Thiele and Gert B. M. Mensink

Protocol for a Randomized Trial Assessing Consumer Evaluations of Pre-Packaged Foods that Systematically Vary by Nutrition Information and Product Attributes

Nutrition information is increasingly provided on pre-packaged foods as a public health measure to help consumers make healthier food choices. Many studies have looked at the independent effects of three main ...

Authors: Zenobia Talati, Simone Pettigrew, Helen Dixon, Bruce Neal, Clare Hughes, Trevor Shilton and Caroline Miller

Dietary diversity and nutritional adequacy of under-fives in a fishing community in the central region of Ghana

The irreversible effect of malnutrition on children as a result of micronutrient deficiency is of great public health concern. Micronutrient malnutrition is caused by the chronic lack of vitamins and minerals ...

Authors: Delia Akosua Bandoh and Ernest Kenu

Different forms of malnutrition among under five children in Bangladesh: a cross sectional study on prevalence and determinants

This empirical study investigated the extent of malnutrition and factors associated with malnutrition amid children aged 0-59 months in Bangladesh using Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey data, 2014.

Authors: Sunanda Das and Jahida Gulshan

An economic model for the use of yoghurt in type 2 diabetes risk reduction in the UK

In the UK, diabetes accounts for approximately 10% of the total UK National Health Service (NHS) resource expenditure, a figure that has been predicted to increase to 17% by 2035/2036. Meta-analysis of associa...

Authors: Irene Lenoir-Wijnkoop, James Mahon, Lindsay Claxton, Alicia Wooding, Andrew Prentice and Nick Finer

Anthropometric indices and measures to assess change in the nutritional status of a population: a systematic literature review

Undernutrition is a major public health issue highlighted by the 2015 Sustainable Development Goals, with target 2.2 aiming to ‘end hunger’ by 2030. On-going surveillance is essential detecting nutritional str...

Authors: Severine Frison, Marko Kerac, Francesco Checchi and Claudine Prudhon

Gender and education as predictors of food insecurity among coffee farming households of the Jimma zone, Southwest of Ethiopia

Adequate quantity and quality of food are required for optimal health, growth and development of human life. Thus, availability of food has been a major concern in every community at all time and context. Acce...

Authors: Kalkidan Hassen, Beakal Zinab and Tefera Belachew

Correlation between dietary intake and serum ganglioside concentrations: a cross-sectional study among Malaysian toddlers

Gangliosides are a group of sialylglycosphingolipids, widely distributed in body tissues, mainly as components of plasma membranes. They play crucial roles in neurodevelopment, gut maturation, and immune syste...

Authors: Geok Lin Khor, Sangeetha Shyam, Snigdha Misra, Bertram Fong, Megan Hueh Zan Chong, Norhasmah Sulaiman, Yee Lin Lee, Rebecca Cannan and Angela Rowan

Early childhood caries and malnutrition: baseline and two-year follow-up results of a community-based prevention intervention in Rural Ecuador

The global “nutrition transition” has increased children’s consumption of sugary snacks and beverages (junk food), compounding their risk for poor oral health and malnutrition. The purpose of this study was to...

Authors: Karen Sokal-Gutierrez, Bathsheba Turton, Hannah Husby and Cecilia Leonor Paz

Effects of nutrition education on recurrent coronary events after percutaneous coronary intervention: A randomized clinical trial

Changes in lifestyle include a healthy diet. However, due to different educational approaches, the effects of nutritional counselling are still not very encouraging and require further study. The objective of ...

Authors: Lis Proença Vieira, Moacyr Roberto Cucê Nobre and Jonas Augusto Cardoso da Silveira

Association between dietary polyphenols intake and an oxidative stress biomarker: interest of multiple imputation for handling missing covariates and outcomes

We aimed to illustrate the importance of imputation models specifications, based on a study exploring the associations between subclasses of dietary polyphenols and the thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances ...

Authors: Claire Montlahuc, Chantal Julia, Mathilde Touvier, Léopold Fezeu, Serge Hercberg, Pilar Galan, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot and Sylvie Chevret

Cross-sectional study of drivers of animal-source food consumption in low-income urban areas of Nairobi, Kenya

Malnutrition, including undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies is a chronic problem in most developing countries. Animal-source foods (ASFs) provide essential sources of proteins and micronutrients, yet...

Authors: Laura Cornelsen, Pablo Alarcon, Barbara Häsler, Djesika D. Amendah, Elaine Ferguson, Eric M. Fèvre, Delia Grace, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Jonathan Rushton

Prevalence and associated factors of malnutrition among children under-five years in Sindh, Pakistan: a cross-sectional study

Globally, malnutrition accounts for at least half of all childhood deaths. Managing malnutrition in the community settings involves identifying malnutrition using a universally validated screening tool and imp...

Authors: Gul Nawaz Khan, Ali Turab, Mohammad Imran Khan, Arjumand Rizvi, Fariha Shaheen, Asmat Ullah, Amjad Hussain, Imtiaz Hussain, Imran Ahmed, Muhammad Yaqoob, Shabina Ariff and Sajid Bashir Soofi

Indicators of anemia and physical growth in schoolchildren from the Ouest and Sud-Est Departments of Haiti: a cross-sectional study

The identification and correction of malnutrition in children remains a critical public health issue in many developing countries. In this study, the rate of anemia and standardized indicators of physical grow...

Authors: Thomas A. Weppelmann, Michael E. von Fricken, Roseline Masse, Gedeon Gelin, J. Glenn Morris Jr., Bernard A. Okech and Valery Madsen Beau De Rochars

Usual food intakes of 2- and 3-year old U.S. children are not consistent with dietary guidelines

The primary purpose of this paper is to assess how well food consumption patterns of young children in the U.S. conform to the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. A secondary purpose is to gain insight into fo...

Authors: Mary Kay Fox, Elizabeth Gearan, Judith Cannon, Ronette Briefel, Denise M. Deming, Alison L. Eldridge and Kathleen C. Reidy

Research needs and prioritizations for studies linking dietary sugars and potentially related health outcomes

Relationships among dietary sugars and a variety of chronic diseases have spawned interest in investigating the metabolic effects of dietary sugars. An approach developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research ...

Authors: Mei Chung, Ding Ding Wang, Edward Archer, Janine Higgins, Sery Kim, Maren Laughlin, Lu Qi, Susan Raatz, Richard D. Siegel, Joanne Slavin, Dan Steffen, Hope Warshaw and Alice M. Tang

Concerning public health situation of under-nutrition in children and anemia in women in Indian Sundarbans delta: a community based cross-sectional investigation

The National Family Health Survey-Round 3 in India during 2005–2006 recorded more children and women as anaemic compared to the prevailing situation eight years ago; more children also had wasting. Analysis of...

Authors: Samiran Panda, Chittapriyo Sadhu, Gopal Pramanik, Sobha Pahari and Jakir Hossain

Adequacy of energy, zinc and selenium intakes among adult inpatients receiving total naso-gastric tube feeding admitted to a Copperbelt province Referral Hospital, in Ndola District, Zambia

Poor hospital outcomes among adult patients admitted to hospitals have been attributed to inadequate nutrient intake and progressive disease conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the adequacy ...

Authors: Murambiwa Nyati, Irene Ogada and Christopher Nyirenda

Low mid-upper arm circumference identifies children with a high risk of death who should be the priority target for treatment

Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is currently defined by the WHO as either a low mid-upper arm circumference (i.e. MUAC <115 mm), a low weight-for-height z-score (i.e. WHZ <− 3), or bilateral pitting oedema. MU...

Authors: André Briend, José-Luis Alvarez, Nathalie Avril, Paluku Bahwere, Jeanette Bailey, James A. Berkley, Paul Binns, Nikki Blackwell, Nancy Dale, Hedwig Deconinck, Pascale Delchevalerie, Nicky Dent, Maureen Gallagher, Saul Guerrero, Kerstin Hanson, Marko Kerac…

Evaluation of outpatient therapeutic programme for management of severe acute malnutrition in three districts of the eastern province, Zambia

Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in children under 5 years of age is a major cause of child mortality during hospital admission worldwide, and is attributed to poor case management. The Outpatient Therapeutic P...

Authors: Mike Mwanza, Kufre J. Okop and Thandi Puoane

Being the younger child in a large African Family: a study of birth order as a risk factor for poor health using the demographic and health surveys for 18 countries

One hundred eighty six nations have adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), one of which, SDG 3.2, aims to reduce under-5 mortality to 25 deaths per thousand in all countries by 2030. Achieving this g...

Authors: Embry M. Howell, Nikhil Holla and Timothy Waidmann

Caregiver experiences, attitudes and perceptions about feeding toddlers and preschool children in Switzerland: a qualitative study

Young children depend upon caregivers to make healthy food and beverage choices on their behalf. Research to understand caregiver perspectives may help develop interventions to improve diets and offer new insi...

Authors: Emma F. Jacquier, Anthony Gatrell and Amanda Bingley

Antibiotic resistant microencapsulated probiotics synergistically preserved orange juice

In contemporary medicine, the utilization of various dosage forms of probiotics is increasing both for the treatment of human and animal diseases in Bangladesh. A number of imported pharmaceutical probiotic pr...

Authors: Md Shahid Hossain, Md Abdul Alim Al-Bari, Zahid Hayat Mahmud and Mir Imam Ibne Wahed

Do dietary patterns explain high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among Pakistani urban adults? A cross-sectional study

The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in South Asia is higher than in any other developing countries. The diversity of diets in populations among developing countries may be one explanation for the di...

Authors: Nilofer F. Safdar, Elizabeth Bertone-Johnson, Lorraine Cordeiro, Tazeen H. Jafar and Nancy L. Cohen

Children with moderate acute malnutrition have inflammation not explained by maternal reports of illness and clinical symptoms: a cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso

Morbidity plays an important role in the development of and recovery from malnutrition. Morbidity in children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) has not been described in detail and it is unclear how morbi...

Authors: B. Cichon, C. Fabiansen, C. W. Yaméogo, M. J. H. Rytter, C. Ritz, A. Briend, V. B. Christensen, K. F. Michaelsen, R. Oummani, S. Filteau, P. Ashorn, S. Shepherd and H. Friis

Validation of triple pass 24-hour dietary recall in Ugandan children by simultaneous weighed food assessment

Undernutrition remains highly prevalent in African children, highlighting the need for accurately assessing dietary intake. In order to do so, the assessment method must be validated in the target population. ...

Authors: Helen Nightingale, Kevin J. Walsh, Peter Olupot-Olupot, Charles Engoru, Tonny Ssenyondo, Julius Nteziyaremye, Denis Amorut, Margaret Nakuya, Margaret Arimi, Gary Frost and Kathryn Maitland

Exploring mechanisms of food insecurity in indigenous agricultural communities in Guatemala: a mixed methods study

The country of Guatemala has one of the highest rates of chronic child malnutrition in the world, which primarily affects the rural, indigenous Maya population. In this study we explore the apparent paradox of...

Authors: Meghan Farley Webb, Anita N. Chary, Thomas T. De Vries, Samantha Davis, Michael Dykstra, David Flood, Margaret Haley Rhodes and Peter Rohloff

Translating the impact of quality protein maize into improved nutritional status for Ethiopian children: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Linear growth failure is the most common form of undernutrition. Childhood stunting impairs human development and health and productivity in adulthood. Ethiopia has a high prevalence of stunting, with diets re...

Authors: Masresha Tessema, Nilupa S. Gunaratna, Katherine Donato, Jessica L. Cohen, Margaret McConnell, Demissie Belayneh, Inge D. Brouwer, Tefera Belachew and Hugo De Groote

Carotenoids and alkylresorcinols as objective biomarkers of diet quality when assessing the validity of a web-based food record tool and a food frequency questionnaire in a middle-aged population

Recently, two web-based dietary assessment tools were developed; a 4-day food record tool (the Riksmaten method), and a food frequency questionnaire (MiniMeal-Q). The aim of this study was to use objective bio...

Authors: Sanna Nybacka, Anna Karin Lindroos, Elisabet Wirfält, Per Leanderson, Rikard Landberg, Ulrika Ericson, Ingrid Larsson, Eva Warensjö Lemming, Göran Bergström, Bo Hedblad, Marju Orho-Melander, Olle Melander, Anna Winkvist and Heléne Bertéus Forslund

A 6-month randomised controlled trial investigating effects of Mediterranean-style diet and fish oil supplementation on dietary behaviour change, mental and cardiometabolic health and health-related quality of life in adults with depression (HELFIMED): study protocol

Modern diets, characterised by excess consumption of processed foods, are accompanied by an epidemic of chronic diseases. Cardiovascular disease and depression carry a large burden of disease and often occur t...

Authors: Dorota Zarnowiecki, Jihyun Cho, Amy Wilson, Svetlana Bogomolova, Anthony Villani, Catherine Itsiopoulos, Theo Niyonsenga, Kerin O’Dea, Sarah Blunden, Barbara Meyer, Leonie Segal and Natalie Parletta

Determinants of severity levels of anemia among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia: further analysis of the 2011 Ethiopian demographic and health survey

Childhood anemia is the major public health problem in Ethiopia. It has been implicated with growth retardation, impaired motor and cognitive development, and childhood morbidity and mortality. Thus this study...

Authors: Kindie Fentahun Muchie

Anomalous association of salivary amylase secretion with the postprandial glycaemic response to starch

This study is an investigation as to whether salivary amylase secretory rates are correlated with the magnitude of postprandial glycaemic responses to starch ingestion in healthy young Malaysian adults.

Authors: Peter Michael Barling, Sangeetha Shyam, Mayure Devi Selvathevan and Snigdha Misra

Prevalence of undernutrition and risk factors of severe undernutrition among children admitted to Bugando Medical Centre in Mwanza, Tanzania

Malnutrition is a major public health problem in developing countries including Tanzania, contributing up to 50 % of under-five mortality. East Africa region was among the three United Nations (UN) subregions ...

Authors: Maimuna M. Ahmed, Adolfine Hokororo, Benson R. Kidenya, Rogatus Kabyemera and Erasmus Kamugisha

Salient beliefs among Canadian adults regarding milk and cheese consumption: a qualitative study based on the theory of planned behaviour

In spite of multiple efforts by public health authorities to promote consumption of milk and alternatives in the Canadian adult population, consumption of these healthy foods is still suboptimal. This study ai...

Authors: Marie-Josée Lacroix, Sophie Desroches, Mylène Turcotte, Geneviève Painchaud Guérard, Paul Paquin, François Couture and Veronique Provencher

Nutritional characterisation of low-income households of Nairobi: socioeconomic, livestock and gender considerations and predictors of malnutrition from a cross-sectional survey

In sub-Saharan Africa, urban informal settlements are rapidly expanding, leading to overcrowding and constituting challenging environments for food and water supplies, health and nutrition. The study objective...

Authors: Paula Dominguez-Salas, P. Alarcón, B. Häsler, I. R. Dohoo, K. Colverson, E. W. Kimani-Murage, S. Alonso, E. Ferguson, E. M. Fèvre, J. Rushton and D. Grace

Serum parathyroid hormone is related to genetic variation in vitamin D binding protein with respect to total, free, and bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D in middle-aged Caucasians – a cross-sectional study

Vitamin D binding protein (DBP) binds vitamin D and its plasma metabolites, including 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), in the circulation. Only a small fraction circulates free (free 25(OH)D). Genetic variation ...

Authors: Elisa Saarnio, Minna Pekkinen, Suvi T Itkonen, Virpi Kemi, Heini Karp, Merja Kärkkäinen, Outi Mäkitie and Christel Lamberg-Allardt

Pregnancy eating attributes study (PEAS): a cohort study examining behavioral and environmental influences on diet and weight change in pregnancy and postpartum

The rising prevalence of maternal overweight/obesity and excessive gestational weight gain poses a serious public health concern due to the contribution of these factors to increased risk of negative health ou...

Authors: Tonja R. Nansel, Leah M. Lipsky, Anna Maria Siega-Riz, Kyle Burger, Myles Faith and Aiyi Liu

Magnitude and factors associated with malnutrition in children 6–59 months of age in Shinille Woreda, Ethiopian Somali regional state: a cross-sectional study

Malnutrition among children remains common in many parts of the world, particularly in developing countries. In Ethiopia, it is one of the most important health and welfare problems among infants and young chi...

Authors: Abdibari Ma’alin, Dereje Birhanu, Samuel Melaku, Daniel Tolossa, Yusuf Mohammed and Kiros Gebremicheal

Do the feeding practices and nutrition status among HIV-exposed infants less than 6 months of age follow the recommended guidelines in Bomet County, Kenya?

Globally, about 1.5 million pregnancies are among women living with the Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV). In 2013, an estimated overall HIV prevalence of 0.34 % was reported in antenatal women in Kenya, wit...

Authors: Purity Chepkorir Lang’at, Irene Awuor Ogada, Audrey Steenbeek, Godfrey Odinga and Michael M. Mwachiro